Topological phases are intriguing phases of matter which cannot be described with traditional theories of the phase transition such as Ginzburg-Landau theory, and numerous efforts has been put to achieve these exotic phases of matter in a variety of quantum platforms. In this thesis, we discuss how topological quantum states of matter can be engineered by utilizing spatially patterned light, which has become available thanks to the recent advances in beam shaping techniques.

First, we discuss a scheme to construct an optical lattice to confine ultracold atoms on the surface of torus. We investigate the feasibility of this construction with numerical calculations as well as propose a supercurrent generation experiment to verify the non-trivial topology of the created surface. We also propose a scheme to construct fractional quantum Hall states which can demonstrate topological degeneracy. We then extend our effort for creation of topologically non-trivial surfaces for ultracold atoms to the surfaces with open boundaries, using a bilayer optical lattice with multiple pairs of twist defects. We explain how a spin-dependent optical lattice can serve as the bilayer optical lattice for this purpose as well as the scheme for preparing and optically manipulating the fractional quantum Hall states.

Then we turn our attention to driven electronic systems. In particular, we investigate a way to imprint the superlattice structure in two-dimensional electronic systems by shining circularly-polarized light. We demonstrate the wide optical tunability of this system allows to a variety of band properties. We show that these tunable band properties lead to exotic physics ranging from the topological transitions to the creation of nearly flat bands, which can allow a realization of strongly correlated phenomena in Floquet systems. We then investigate the Floqut vortex states created by shining light carrying non-zero orbital angular momentum on a 2D semiconductor. We analytically and numerically study the properties of those vortex states and show that such Floquet vortex states exhibit a wide range of tunability and illustrate the potential utility of such tunability with an example of application in quantum state engineering.

Granular matter is a broad term that describes materials comprised of macroscopic grains. Granular material has unique properties that can mimic either a solid- or fluid-like system and has macroscopic behaviors such as segregation, shear- jamming, reversibility, and compaction. The finite size of the grains implies that tools developed in thermodynamics cannot be readily applied. Instead, research into granular material uses a combination of bulk measurements (density, pressure) with grain-scale tracking of position, orientation, and forces. This thesis presents four main studies utilizing three-dimensional experiments and simulations to probe the dynamics of individual grain subject to cyclic compression.

The first study uses numerical simulations to connect granular rotations to translations in sheared granular packings. It is proposed that rotations play an extensive roll in the formation of shear zones in granular packing, in which the rotations allow for ball-bearing like motion that could reduce the stress from external pressures. In this study, we quantify the effect of friction on the shear-zone rotations and translations. We find a direct connection between average rotations and the vorticity of translations independent of the friction. The second study explores reversibility of grain translations and rotations in the context of memory formation. In granular matter, memory is formed via a response to an external perturbation, ranging from compression and shear to thermal cycling. In this project, we encode and readout memory of compression amplitudes for a cyclically driven granular system. We find that memory is significantly affected by the inter particle friction of each grain and is most readily extracted by quantifying reversible displacements within the sample.

The third study experimentally measures three-dimensional orientations of granular spheres using our refractive index matched scanning setup. We apply a combination of deep learning and image processing to extract the position and orientation of individual grains subject to cyclic compression. Using this, we can quantify the spatial distribution of sliding and rolling motion of contacts. We find that sliding occur deep within the sample where the grains are mostly fixed in place. This occurs with an increase in internal stress within the material.

Finally, we explore collectively rotating states in three-dimensions. We introduce a new measure in which we can identify affine (collective) and non-affine rotations. We find that grain rotations are generated by minimizing sliding motion between all contacts independent of the forces between each contact. Further, we find that the affine component is more directly correlated to irreversible translations than the non-affine. This result identifies that collective rotations are important to reversible states in sheared granular systems.

The quality of modern astrophysical spectra has made it clear that there is a lack of sufficiently accurate and robust laboratory atomic reference data sets. Particularly for spectra of the iron-group elements, the growing demand for critically evaluated sets of comprehensive atomic data is a direct result of advancing stellar astrophysics models and fundamental physics problems probing beyond the standard model. My thesis reports on my critical evaluation of the Ni V spectrum and the recent laboratory measurements I have conducted to improve the state of available reference data for astrophysical applications that rely on observations of Ni V. Additionally, I report my laboratory measurements of Fe II branching fraction values in the UV/VUV.

Using high-resolution grating spectroscopy at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, I carried out an analysis of quadruply ionized iron and nickel (Fe V & Ni V) in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) region by both recording new spectra and critically evaluating previously published data sets. My analysis resulted in highly accurate wavelengths, presented with calculated oscillator strengths, for roughly 1500 Ni V lines, 200 of which have uncertainties that are almost an order of magnitude lower than in previous publications. Additionally, I present over 300 Ni V energy levels derived from my evaluated wavelengths. My work also strongly supports the previous evaluations of Fe V by another author. With the extreme accuracy requirements of modern astrophysics problems, confirming the wavelength scale and uncertainty evaluation of previous Fe V data sets is still significant.

Additionally my thesis also presents measurements of singly ionized iron (Fe II) branching fractions (BFs) in the VUV using high-resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy. BFs are essential values for interpreting complex astrophysical spectra, but are notoriously difficult to measure in the VUV; for this reason, VUV BFs of Fe II have only been reported by one other research group for just seven levels. My thesis reports accurate BFs for 10 Fe II levels, involving approximately 150 spectral lines, which roughly doubles the amount of reported Fe II BFs in UV/VUV.

Studying topological states of matter offers potential routes to novel excitations with properties beyond that of simple electrons. While the range of materials and techniques for studying topological systems is constantly expanding, only a handful of systems have been thoroughly studied. Topological crystalline insulators (TCI) and the rich states present in ZrTe5 offer alternative routes to studying topological states of matter with surface states of distinct character to those in more common 3d topological insulators.

First, we report on the fabrication of Josephson junctions using MBE-grown candidate TCI material — Pb-doped SnTe — as weak links.  We then perform transport characterization measurements on these devices including the effects of DC, RF, and magnetic field biases. Finally, we model these results using a skewed current phase relationship using the resistively shunted josephson junction model.  

In the second section, we present the fabrication of devices from mechanically exfoliated ZrTe5 nanowires. After fabrication, we perform magnetoconductance measurements at various temperatures for these devices.  We then use existing models for weak antilocalization and universal conductance fluctuations for a quasi-1D system in order to extract a coherence length for this system.  

Due to their high degree of controllability and precise measurement capabilities, ultracold ensembles of neutral atoms have emerged as a promising platform for performing quantum simulations. In this thesis, I will describe the design and construction of an analog quantum simulator based on $^{23}$Na Bose-Einstein Condensates (BEC). Our system can produce and trap BECs in arbitrary-shaped quasi two-dimensional optical dipole traps, which can be dynamically altered during an experimental sequence. Such controlled variation of the BEC's spatial mode enables exploration of open questions in superfluidity, atomtronics, and analogue cosmology. I will describe the implementation of our system to study the inflationary dynamics of the early universe and report our recent results on the simulation of Cosmological Hubble friction. We expand and contract a toroidally shaped BEC and analyze the time evolution of its collective phonon modes. These excitations are analogous to fluctuating scalar fields in an expanding universe. The changing metric of the expanding or contracting background BEC results in dilation of the phonon field through a term dependent on the expansion speed, similar to Hubble friction in inflationary models of the universe. We conclusively demonstrate the analogy by experimentally measuring Hubble attenuation and amplification. Our measured strength of Hubble friction disagrees with recent theoretical work [J. M. Gomez Llorente and J. Plata, Phys. Rev. A 100 043613 (2019) and S. Eckel and T. Jacobson, SciPost Phys. 10 64 (2021)], suggesting inadequacies in the current model.

A Josephson junction (JJ) couples the supercurrent flowing between two weakly linked superconductors to the phase difference between them via a current-phase relation (CPR). While a sinusoidal CPR is expected for conventional junctions with insulating weak links, devices made from some exotic materials may give rise to unconventional CPRs and unusual Josephson effects. Here, we experimentally investigate three such cases.

In the first part of the thesis, we fabricate JJs with weak links made of the topological crystalline insulator PbSnTe, and additional JJs with weak links made of its topologically trivial cousin, PbTe. In characterizing these junctions, we find that measurements of the AC Josephson effect reveal a stark difference between the two: while the PbTe JJs exhibit Shapiro steps at the expected values of V=nhf/2e, PbSnTe JJs show more complicated subharmonic structure. We present the skewed sinusoidal CPR necessary to reproduce these measurements, and discuss this alteration to the CPR as a consequence of 1D helical channels arising from the topologically nontrivial surface state.

In the second part of the thesis, we investigate the proximity-induced superconductivity in SnTe nanowires by incorporating them as weak links in Josephson junctions. We report on indications of an unexpected breaking of time-reversal symmetry in these devices, detailing the unconventional characteristics that reveal this behavior. These observations include an asymmetric critical current in the DC Josephson effect, a prominent second harmonic in the AC Josephson effect, and a magnetic diffraction pattern with a minimum in critical current at zero magnetic field. We analyze how multiband effects and the experimentally visualized ferroelectric domain walls may give rise to a nonstandard CPR, giving insight into the Josephson effect in materials that possess ferroelectricity and/or multiband superconductivity.

Finally, we fabricate and measure JJs with weak links made of the topological insulator (BiSb)₂Te₃. Under low frequency RF radiation, we observe suppression of the first and third Shapiro steps, consistent with the fractional AC Josephson effect. This could indicate a signature of 4π periodicity in the junction's CPR, which may in turn suggest the presence of Majorana bound states. However, not all of our measured devices confirm this observation, as some of them show suppression of only the first step, while still others show probabilistic distortions to the AC Josephson effect which might indicate other nonequilibrium effects at play. We discuss the inconsistency of our measurements with topologically trivial sources of step suppression that have been suggested in the literature.

Multipole transitions beyond the dipole approximation apply when the Bohr radius of the quantum state is larger or comparable to the excitation wavelength. This is rarely the case for atoms or quantum dots. However, in the quantum Hall regime, wave functions can be extended to a length scale comparable to optical wavelengths, and the coherence is topologically protected against dephasing. Consequently, multipole transitions become possible. Motivated by this, we study the light-matter interaction in graphene in the quantum Hall regime, manifested as the photocurrent (PC).

In the first part of the thesis, we experimentally study the PC in graphene in the quantum Hall regime. Prominent PC oscillations as a function of gate voltage on samples’ edges are observed with minimal obscurations and noise. These oscillation amplitudes form an envelope which depends on the strength of the magnetic field, as does the PCs’ power dependence and their saturation behavior.  We explain these experimental observations through a model using optical Bloch equations, incorporating relaxations through acoustic-, optical-phonons and Coulomb interactions.  The simulated PC agrees with our experimental results, leading to a unified understanding of the chiral PC in graphene at various magnetic field strengths, and providing hints for the occurrence of a sizable carrier multiplication.

In the second part, we theoretically study the light-matter interaction beyond dipole, manifested as a PC. Inspired by the seminal gedankenexperiment by Laughlin which describes the charge transport in quantum Hall systems via the pumping of flux, we propose an optical scheme which probes and manipulates quantum Hall systems in a similar way: When light containing orbital angular momentum interacts with electronic Landau levels, it acts as a flux pump which radially moves the electrons through the sample. We investigate this effect for a graphene system with Corbino geometry, and calculate the radial current in the absence of any electric potential bias. Remarkably, the current is robust against the disorder, and in the weak excitation limit, the current shows a power-law scaling with intensity characterized by the novel exponent 2/3.

Laser wakefield accelerators (LWFA) can support acceleration gradients orders of magnitude higher than conventional radio frequency linear accelerators.  This gives them the potential to drive the next generation of accelerators for high energy physics, as well as compact accelerators for many other applications.  However, in order to reach higher energies and improve electron beam quality, LWFA requires the development of plasma waveguides.

This thesis demonstrates two new all optical techniques for the creation of plasma waveguides.  The first, “two-Bessel” technique uses a  Bessel beam to form the core of the waveguide and a higher order  Bessel beam to form the cladding.  In the second, “self-waveguiding” technique, the guided beam itself forms the cladding of the waveguide.  Preliminary electron acceleration results using the self-guiding technique, as well electron acceleration simulations are also presented. 

Neutrinos are the most mysterious particles in the standard model. Many of their fundamental properties such as their masses, lifetimes, and nature (Dirac or Majorana) are yet to be pinned down by experiments. Currently, the strongest bound on neutrino masses comes from cosmology. This bound is obtained by scrutinizing the gravitational effect of the cosmic neutrinos on the evolution of structure in our universe. However, this bound assumes that the neutrinos from the Big Bang have survived until the present day. In this dissertation, the unstable neutrino scenario is studied in light of current and near-future cosmological experiments. We show that the current cosmological bound on the neutrino masses can be relaxed significantly in an unstable neutrino scenario. We further show that near-future experiments offer the possibility of independently measuring both the masses of the neutrinos and their lifetimes.

We consider an elusive scenario in which the cosmic neutrinos decay into invisible radiation after becoming non-relativistic. The Boltzmann equations that govern the cosmological evolution of density perturbations in the case of unstable neutrinos are derived and solved numerically to determine the effects on the matter power spectrum and lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). A Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) analysis is done on the current cosmological data and mock future data to obtain its sensitivity to the neutrino masses and lifetimes. We show that the effect of the neutrino masses on large scale structure is dampened by the decay of neutrinos, which leads to a parameter degeneracy between the neutrino masses and lifetimes inferred from the cosmological data. This degeneracy allows a significant relaxation of the current cosmological upper bound on the sum of neutrino masses from about 0.2 eV in the stable neutrino case to 0.9 eV in the unstable neutrino scenario. This window is important for terrestrial experiments such as KATRIN which are seeking to independently measure the neutrino masses in the laboratory. We further show that near-future large scale structure measurements from the Euclid satellite, when combined with cosmic microwave background data from Planck, may allow an independent determination of both the lifetimes of the neutrinos and the sum of their masses. These parameters can be independently determined because the Euclid data will cover a range of redshifts, allowing the growth of structure over time to be tracked. If neutrinos are stable on cosmological timescales, we show that these observations can improve the lower limit on the lifetimes of the neutrinos by seven orders of magnitude, from O(10) years to 2 x 10^8 years (95 % C.L.), without significantly affecting the measurement of the neutrino masses. On the other hand, if neutrinos decay after becoming non-relativistic but on timescales less than O(100) million years, these observations may allow, not just the first measurement of the sum of neutrino masses, but also the determination of the neutrino lifetime from cosmology.

Quantum computers have come a long way since conception, and there is still a long way to go before the dream of universal, fault-tolerant computation is realized. In the near term, quantum computers will occupy a middle ground that is popularly known as the “Noisy, Intermediate-Scale Quantum” (or NISQ) regime. The NISQ era represents a transition in the nature of quantum devices from experimental to computational. There is significant interest in engineering NISQ devices and NISQ algorithms in a manner that will guide the development of quantum computation in this regime and into the era of fault-tolerant quantum computing.

In this thesis, we study two aspects of near-term quantum computation. The first of these is the design of device architectures, covered in Chapters 2, 3, and 4. We examine different qubit connectivities on the basis of their graph properties, and present numerical and analytical results on the speed at which large entangled states can be created on nearest-neighbor grids and graphs with modular structure. Next, we discuss the problem of permuting qubits among the nodes of the connectivity graph using only local operations, also known as routing. Using a fast quantum primitive to reverse the qubits in a chain, we construct a hybrid, quantum/classical routing algorithm on the chain. We show via rigorous bounds that this approach is faster than any SWAP-based algorithm for the same problem.

The second part, which spans the final three chapters, discusses variational algorithms, which are a class of algorithms particular suited to near-term quantum computation. Two prototypical variational algorithms, quantum adiabatic optimization (QAO) and the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA), are studied for the difference in their control strategies. We show that on certain crafted problem instances, bang-bang control (QAOA) can be as much as exponentially faster than quasistatic control (QAO). Next, we demonstrate the performance of variational state preparation on an analog quantum simulator based on trapped ions. We show that using classical heuristics that exploit structure in the variational parameter landscape, one can find circuit parameters efficiently in system size as well as circuit depth. In the experiment, we approximate the ground state of a critical Ising model with long-ranged interactions on up to 40 spins. 

Finally, we study the performance of Local Tensor, a classical heuristic algorithm inspired by QAOA on benchmarking instances of the MaxCut problem, and suggest physically motivated choices for the algorithm hyperparameters that are found to perform well empirically. We also show that our implementation of Local Tensor mimics imaginary-time quantum evolution under the problem Hamiltonian.

Besides potentially delivering a huge leap in computational power, quantum computers also offer an essential platform for simulating properties of quantum systems.  Consequently, various algorithms have been developed for approximating the dynamics of a target system on quantum computers. But generic quantum simulation algorithms---developed to simulate all Hamiltonians---are unlikely to result in optimal simulations of most physically relevant systems; optimal quantum algorithms need to exploit unique properties of target systems.

The aim of this dissertation is to study two prominent properties of physical systems, namely locality and symmetry, and subsequently leverage these properties to design efficient quantum simulation algorithms.

In the first part of the dissertation, we explore the locality of quantum systems and the fundamental limits on the propagation of information in power-law interacting systems. We prove upper limits on the speed at which information can propagate in power-law systems. We also demonstrate how such speed limits can be achieved by protocols for transferring quantum information and generating quantum entanglement. We then use these speed limits to constrain the propagation of error and improve the performance of digital quantum simulation. Additionally, we consider the implications of the speed limits on entanglement generation, the dynamics of correlation, the heating time, and the scrambling time in power-law interacting systems.

In the second part of the dissertation, we propose a scheme to leverage the symmetry of target systems to suppress error in digital quantum simulation. We first study a phenomenon called destructive error interference, where the errors from different steps of a simulation cancel out each other. We then show that one can induce the destructive error interference by interweaving the simulation with unitary transformations generated by the symmetry of the target system, effectively providing a faster quantum simulation by symmetry protection. We also derive rigorous bounds on the error of a symmetry-protected simulation algorithm and identify conditions for optimal symmetry protection.

In recent decades, the rapid development of quantum technologies has led to a new era of programmable platforms, enabling the realizations of quantum simulation and quantum computation. This dissertation is motivated by recent experimental progress on controlling individual quantum degrees of freedom in systems such as trapped ions and Rydberg atom arrays.  By tailoring the interactions in these quantum systems, we study analog quantum simulations of various physical phenomena, including non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and nontrivial topological physics.

In the first part of the dissertation, we study slow quantum many-body dynamics in trapped-ion systems and Rydberg atom arrays. We first show that either the long-range interactions or an additional symmetry-breaking field can give rise to a confining potential. Such a potential can couple domain wall quasiparticles into mesonic or baryonic bound states.  These confined quasiparticles strongly suppress the quantum information dynamics and lead to slow thermalization.  In the limit of strict domain-wall confinement, the full Hilbert space is fragmented into exponentially many disconnected subspaces. Further, we demonstrate that thermalization can be halted by quantum engineering a uniformly increasing field in the trapped-ion quantum simulator.

The second part of the dissertation focuses on topologically relevant phenomena in quantum simulators. We first study the effect of experimentally relevant disorder in 2D Rydberg atom arrays. We find that there are three distinct localization regimes due to the presence of nontrivial topological bands. We further study the non-equilibrium dynamics of Abelian anyons in a one-dimensional system. We show that the interplay of anyonic statistics and interactions can give rise to spatially asymmetric quantum dynamics. Finally, we use Nielsen's geometric approach to quantify the circuit complexity in topological models. We find that circuit complexity of ground states and circuit complexity of non-equilibrium steady states both exhibit nonanalytical behavior at topological transition points.

I will discuss the cosmological (de)confinement phase transition (PT) of nearly conformal, strongly coupled large N field theories, applicable to composite Higgs models, using their holographic dual 5D formulation.  In this description, the PT is from the high temperature phase in which the IR of the warped extra dimension is covered by a black-brane horizon to the low temperature Randall-Sundrum-1 phase. The PT proceeds by percolation of IR-brane bubbles nucleating from the horizon, and the bubble dynamics during the PT sources a stochastic gravitational wave background that can be detected by future experiments. I will show how to construct a smooth configuration that interpolates between the two phases, allowing for a controlled description of bubble nucleation within 5D EFT. We will see that the cosmological PT in the minimal models can complete only after a large period of supercooling, potentially resulting in excessive dilution of primordial matter abundances. I will then show how generic modifications of the minimal models can result in a much faster completion of the PT. Finally, I will discuss the gravitational wave signal produced by the PT and the implications of the PT for baryogenesis.

Quantum computers have wide-ranging potential applications, many of which will require thousands or even millions of quantum bits to be useful. Current state-of-the-art universal quantum computers, on the other hand, contain only several tens of qubits, and scaling to larger system sizes remains one of the primary challenges. Among current quantum computing platforms, trapped ions are a leading hardware option. One proposal for scaling such systems consists of a modular architecture.

The architecture consists of multiple nodes, each with an ion trap containing a communication qubit (¹³⁸Ba⁺) and a memory qubit (¹⁷¹Yb⁺). The communication qubit is responsible for generating photons that link the remote nodes together via entanglement swapping while the memory qubits are used for storing information and performing local computations. We report progress towards demonstration of the remote entanglement of two barium ions. The creation of this link is a probabilistic process and fails much more often than it succeeds. The success rate does not impact the fidelity of the resulting entangled state but imposes significant constraints on the utility of this protocol. We examine the current limitations on both the fidelity of the resulting entangled state and the success probability.

In addition to the two-node experiment, we have designed and built a new ion trap system that should yield much higher photon collection rates. This design represents a significant shift from previous systems because of the inclusion of optical elements inside the vacuum chamber and their resulting proximity to the ions. We incorporate two objective lenses with a numerical aperture of 0.8, each of which can collect twice as much light as the objectives used for the remote entanglement experiment. We present preliminary results characterizing the performance of this system and discuss how it could be incorporated into a three-node network, which has not yet been demonstrated using trapped ions.

GRBs have long been considered as potential sources of hadronic acceleration of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and, more recently, as potential sources of the diffuse neutrino flux measured by IceCube. This thesis presents a search for neutrinos correlated with 2,091 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in prompt and extended time windows using data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory ranging from May 2011 to October 2018. Ten time windows, ranging from 10 seconds to -1/+14 days around the time of the GRB's gamma-ray emission, were searched for coincident neutrino emission and a p-value was assigned based on the most significant time window. The results for all 2,091 GRBs were divided by region of the sky and observed gamma-ray emission time, and were evaluated with a Binomial test, which was found to be consistent with background. The 23 most significant GRBs were examined in more detail and they were also found to be consistent with background. Limits were set assuming two flux models: equal neutrino flux at Earth for every GRB and standard candle neutrino emission. The equal flux at Earth model led to similar constraints as previous IceCube prompt GRB studies, namely that GRBs are responsible for, at most, a few percent of the diffuse flux. The results of the standard candle analysis, however, indicate GRBs may be contributing up to 11% of the diffuse neutrino flux up to 1,000 second timescales, which leaves the door open to GRBs as neutrino sources and hadronic accelerators of at least some of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays.

Quantum computers promise to solve models of important physical processes, optimize complex cost functions, and challenge cryptography in ways that are intractable using current computers. In order to achieve these promises, quantum computers must both increase in size and decrease error rates.

To increase the system size, we report on the design, construction, and operation of an integrated trapped ion quantum computer consisting of a chain of 15 ¹⁷¹Yb⁺ ions with all-to-all connectivity and high-fidelity gate operations. In the process, we identify a physical mechanism that adversely affects gate fidelity in long ion chains. Residual heating of the ions from noisy electric fields creates decoherence due to the weak confinement of the ions transverse to a focused addressing laser. We demonstrate this effect in chains of up to 25 ions and present a model that accurately describes the observed decoherence. To mitigate this noise source, we first propose a new sympathetic cooling scheme to periodically re-cool the ions throughout a quantum circuit, and then demonstrate its capability in a proof-of-concept experiment.

One path to suppress error rates in quantum computers is through quantum error correction schemes that combine multiple physical qubits into logical qubits that robustly store information within an entangled state.  These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors. Fault-tolerant circuits contain the spread of errors while operating the logical qubit and are essential for realizing error suppression in practice. We demonstrate fault-tolerant preparation, measurement, rotation, and stabilizer measurement of a distance-3 Bacon-Shor logical qubit in our quantum computer. The result is an encoded logical qubit with error rates lower than the error of the entangling operations required to operate it.

Dissertation Title: Simulating many-body quantum spin models with trapped ions

Date and Time: Wednesday, March 31, 12:00 pm 

Location: Zoom 

Dissertation Committee Chair: Christopher Moroe

Committee: 

Norbert Linke
Alexey Gorshkov
Ronald Walsworth
Mohammad Hafezi 

Abstract: